Introduction: Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) and Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) are two retroviruses with a global impact on the health of domestic cat (Felis catus).

Objective: To determine the occurrence of FIV  and FeLV, and the risk factors involved, in domestic cats in Maputo Province – Mozambique.

Methods: Thus, 29 mL of whole blood with anticoagulant and the commercial kit test (DFV^® Test FeLV/FIV) double immunochromatographic device was used to independently detect, in a single assay these retroviruses. The serum antibodies were used to estimate the occurrence of exposure to FIV, while serum p²⁷ antigen was used to assess the FeLV infection.

Results: In total, the 145 cats were sampled and tested for the presence of these viruses and a rate of positivity was 11% for FIV, 14,5% for FeLV and 2,8% for both viruses. The risk factors involved were the age (geriatric for FIV), gender (mainly the males), outdoors assess, and exposure to the urban and suburban environment.

Conclusion: Taking together, this study indicates that cats in Maputo city and Province are exposed to FIV and FeLV infection and might be susceptible to zoonotic disease due to the immunosuppressive effect of those retroviruses and the risk factors involved.

Keywords: Cats, Occurrence of FIV, FeLV, Maputo