¹²Eduardo Mondlane University, Department of Agricultural Economics, Mozambique, Maputo, anakayo83@gmail.com, gebretsadikteklu@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction/contextualization - Tanzania and Mozambique have the fastest-growing horticulture industries within the agricultural sector; however, smallholder farmers face numerous challenges in accessing markets. Objectives - This study aimed to identify barriers in trade that limit smallholder horticulturalist in Tanzania and Mozambique from accessing market, assess their impact on trade competitiveness, and explore strategies for overcoming these challenges. Methodology - A comprehensive review of 27 peer-reviewed studies, policy reports, and grey literature was conducted, focusing on structural, financial, and regulatory barriers affecting market access. Results - Among the significant challenges identified are inadequate market information, uncompetitive trade regulations, and poor infrastructure. The low uptake of postharvest technologies and difficult access to finance affected production. Moreover, systemic barriers found to still challenge smallholder horticulturists' access to markets despite the attempts through farmer-led innovations and out-grower programs. Conclusion - Therefore, the study concluded that it is critical for these concerns to be addressed through policy reforms, infrastructure investment, and capacity building for inclusive economic growth and better livelihoods for small-scale horticultural growers in both nations.

Key words: Trade policies, market systems.